Gastric polyps: A Retrospective Analysis of 5-Year Single Center Results

Abstract

Introduction: Gastric polyps are mostly asymptomatic, seen incidentally on oesophagogastroduodenoscopy and are mostly benign lesions. They are less common than colon polyps and have a lower malignant potential. The main determinant of treatment planning is the histopathological features of the polyp. In this study, we aimed to retrospectively investigate the frequency, age, gender and localisation distribution, histopathological features, association with Helicobacter pylori (HP) and the presence of intestinal metaplasia (IM) in gastric polyps detected in our endoscopy unit. Methods: Endoscopy reports of 4004 patients who underwent oesophagogastroduodenoscopy between January 2017 and January 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. The data of 67 patients with histopathological polyps were evaluated. Age, gender, endoscopic examination findings and histopathological data of the patients were obtained from hospital records and evaluated retrospectively. Results: The lesions sampled in 67 (1.67%) of 4004 patients were histopathologically evaluated as polyps. Of the patients with polyps, 41 (61.19%) were female and 26 (38.81%) were male. The mean age of the patients was 60.28 years (38-87). The mean polyp diameter was 7.40 (3-60) mm. HP was positive in 18 of 58 patients (32.14%). IM was positive in 9 of 56 patients (16.07%). HP coexistence was present in 6 (66.67%) of these patients. Conclusion: It is important to perform biopsy or polypectomy when polyps are detected in esophagogastroduodenoscopy and histopathological evaluation of the lesions found in the specimen in gastric resections. This evaluation is thought to contribute to the detection of possible malignancies. Investigation of the presence of HP and IM in patients with polyps due to the potential for malignancy development will contribute to early diagnosis and treatment.