Retraction notice to “Severe plastic deformation: Nanostructured materials, metal-based and polymer-based nanocomposites: A review” [Heliyon 9 (2023) e22559](S2405844023097670)(10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22559)

Abstract

This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier policy on article withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/policies-and-standards/article-withdrawal). This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor. An investigation conducted on behalf of the journal by Elsevier's Research Integrity & Publishing Ethics team found a significant increase of citations to papers published by the authors, Ehsan Kianfar and Zaid. H. Mahmoud, between the original submission and the revised version of this article. In summary, zero papers by the authors were cited in the original version of the article. This increased to 77 and 12 papers, respectively, in the revised version of the article. The Editor has lost confidence in the findings of the article and has determined that it should be retracted. The authors have not responded to the retraction notice. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.