Bone Mineral Density and Osteoporosis in Hyponatremic Versus Normonatremic Patients: A Retrospective 12-Month Analysis

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the change in osteoporosis rate and bone mineral density (BMD) in a cohort hyponatremic versus normonatremic patients under 12-month osteoporosis treatment. MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 280 patients with osteoporosis who were receiving antiosteoporosis treatment were included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups based on baseline serum sodium levels including hyponatremic (n= 45) and normonatremic (n=235) groups. Baseline and follow up data on T scores and rate of osteoporosis were compared in hyponatremic vs. normonatremic groups. RESULTS: Baseline T scores of the femur neck were significantly lower in hyponatremic than in normonatremic (p=0.008) patients, while at the end of 1-year follow up, the two groups had similarly improved T scores of femur neck (p=0.43). Hyponatremic than normonatremic patients had significantly higher rate of osteoporosis (p=0.03) at baseline, whereas two groups had similar osteoporosis rates at the end of 1-year follow up (p=0.25). CONCLUSION: In conclusion, our data suggest a reduced BMD at femur neck and higher rate of osteoporosis in case of mild chronic hyponatremia, whereas similar efficacy of 12-month osteoporosis treatment in improving BMD scores and reducing osteoporosis rate in hyponatremic and normonatremic patients regardless of the natremic status