Invasive Pulmonary Fungal Infection Caused by the Fungus Spiromastix in an Immunosuppressive Patient

Abstract

Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) are an important cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in patients with hematological malig- nancies and immunodeficiency. Although Aspergillus mold fungi are the most common cause of IFI in this patient group, it has been reported recently in various publications that rare molds may also be the cause. In this case report, an 80-year-old male patient with a diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia who received remission induction chemotherapy, followed by liposomal Amphotericin B treat- ment after posaconazole prophylaxis, developed invasive pulmonary fungal infection with Spiromastix fungus mold and was treated successfully with voriconazole. Until today, two cases in which Spiromastix mold fungus was isolated as a causative agent have been reported in the literature, and our case is the first case reported from Turkey.