Iatrogenic spinal deformities

Abstract

Iatrogenic spinal deformities can cause either sagittal or coronal imbalance. They consist of flat back syndrome, post-laminectomy kyphosis, proximal junctional kyphosis, failing of a spinal instrument, pseudoarthrosis, infection and using of instruments that cause anterior compression. We discuss the iatrogenic spinal deformities and alternatives for treatment in this review.