Comparative Analysis of Kolmogorov-Inspired CNN and Traditional CNN Models for Pneumonia Detection: A Study on Chest CT Images

Abstract

Aim: In this study, our goal is to compare the effectiveness of Kolmogorov Inspired Convolutional Neural Networks (KAN) with traditional Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) models in pneumonia detection and to contribute to the development of more efficient and accurate diagnostic tools in the field of medical imaging. Methods: Both models are structured with the same layers and hyperparameters to ensure a fair comparison of their performance. For a robust evaluation, the relevant dataset was divided into 80% for training and 20% for testing. Results and Conclusion: Performance metrics of KAN; 95.2% sensitivity, 97.6% specificity, 94.1% precision, 96.9% accuracy (Acc), 0.9466 F1 score (F1) and 0. 9251 Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC), while the CNN model was found 92.5%, 96.4%, 91.2%, 95.3%, 0.9188 and 0.8858 for the same criteria, indicating that KAN outperformed. This comparison emphasizes that KAN has the potential to be a more effective model for pneumonia detection in chest CT images. © 2025 Basarslan et al. This is an open-access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.