Factors influencing the decision-making in laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for small renal masses

Abstract

Background and Objectives: We analyzed the factors affecting the decision on surgical approach such as hilum dissection, vessel clamping, and the warm ischemia time (WIT) in laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) for small renal masses (SRMs). Methods: Patients who underwent LPN for SRMs between 2011 and 2021 in two centers were retrospectively screened. Standardized R.E.N.A.L. nephrometry score (RNS) and each of the components were scored on a Likert scale and the effect on the surgical approach was examined by using them separately. Results: A total of 133 patients, 85 of whom were on-clamp and 48 were off-clamp, were included in the study. Greater tumor size, low BMI, higher RNS, upper pole tumor, low exophytic rate, and nearness to the collecting system were statistically significant for both on/off-clamp and hilar dissection decisions. In multivariate analysis, greater tumor size, upper pole tumor, lower rate of exophytic part (E2), nearness to the collecting system (N3) were independent risk factors for vessel clamping. Greater tumor size and lower exophytic tumor rate (E2) were independent risk factors for hilum dissection. We could not identify any factor affecting WIT. Conclusion: Individual components of RNS may serve as a better tool for decision-making on vessel clamping and hilum dissection during LPN for SRMs.