Adnexal Diseases

Abstract

Acne conglobata is a severe form of acne presenting with numerous inflamed papules, grouped comedones, painful nodules, cysts, sinus tracts, and severe scars, which predominantly involve the face and trunk. Acne conglobata is a component of the follicular occlusion tetrad, which is also composed of hidradenitis suppurativa, dissecting cellulitis of the scalp, and pilonidal sinus. Unlike acne conglobata, it is typically accompanied by systemic symptoms, such as fever, arthralgia, myalgia, and weakness, and systemic findings, including leukocytosis, anemia, and osteolytic bone lesions of the sternum and clavicles. Topical retinoids regulate follicular keratinization, which can reduce microcomedo formation and offer comedolytic activity. Hormonal therapies can be helpful in women with acne, regardless of whether hyperandrogenism is present. The most suitable agents are topical retinoids and benzoyl peroxide. Papulopustular rosacea should be treated with topical agents, systemic antibiotics, or oral isotretinoin. © 2022 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.